The result was a shortlist of sequences that we suggest be checked first for C1e coding region mutations Supp. Table S3. We note that for the sequences for which geographical information is available, all but two were sampled from individuals with Native American ancestry—i.
The German sequence…represents a perfect match to the Icelandic C1e for the short HVS1 fragment spanning sites — This raises the intriguing, but perhaps unlikely, hypothesis that C1e is a European-specific subclade of C1, following the precedent of the European and Native American subclades of mtDNA haplogroup X2…However, given the dense sampling of mtDNA variation in European populations, it is clear that C1e is exceedingly rare, a fact that weighs against a hypothesis of antiquity in Europe.
They believe that the Canary Islander is probably the result of admixture during the Spanish colonial era with someone who returned from the New World colonies.
The German is the one to focus on. Remember that though C1e is rare in Iceland, its frequency is much higher than in Northern Europe as a whole.
This further tilts the playing field toward an early entrance of the lineage into Iceland, probably before Columbus, because a late arrival would not have had time to build up mutational variation in the region of Iceland where C1e is found. As this subclade is absent among Native Americans, you may wonder as to a relationship to Greelanders or Inuit.
The larger C1 haplogroup as a whole is not evident in these populations. You can inspect the geographical distribution closer yourself.
If this woman was a non-European, she was not maternally related to the peoples who replaced the Norse in Greenland. Though we should also be careful about assuming that the present genetic variation in the American Arctic is representative of pre-modern variation. If the Greenland and ancient European hypotheses are rejected, what we have is a woman who entered the Icelandic society from an extinct lineage of Native Americans, probably from the northeast or perhaps her Greenland Norse mother was of this line.
What the Norse would have termed Markland. Perhaps the Europeans had enslaved a native woman, and taken her back to their homeland when they decamped? But more likely to me is the probability that the Norse brought back more than lumber from Markland, since their voyages spanned centuries.
Finally, does this explain Bjork? I doubt it. The Republic of Iceland was uninhabited until the ninth century CE, when Irish hermits settled there. The first Norwegian settlement dates from CE The Althingi, the world's oldest functioning legislative assembly, was established in the year AD. In the independent republic of Iceland became part of the Kingdom of Norway.
In Iceland and Norway were conquered by Denmark. In Iceland became an associated state of Denmark until it recovered its independence in Iceland has a strong economy, low unemployment and low inflation.
The people of Iceland are an extremely homogeneous population, virtually all of whom are descended from Celts and Scandinavians. More from Earth Sciences. Use this form if you have come across a typo, inaccuracy or would like to send an edit request for the content on this page. For general inquiries, please use our contact form. For general feedback, use the public comments section below please adhere to guidelines.
Your feedback is important to us. However, we do not guarantee individual replies due to the high volume of messages.
Your email address is used only to let the recipient know who sent the email. Neither your address nor the recipient's address will be used for any other purpose. The information you enter will appear in your e-mail message and is not retained by Phys. You can unsubscribe at any time and we'll never share your details to third parties. More information Privacy policy. This site uses cookies to assist with navigation, analyse your use of our services, collect data for ads personalisation and provide content from third parties.
By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Privacy Policy and Terms of Use. Share Twit Share Email. Home Other Sciences Archaeology. This document is subject to copyright.
Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only. Synthesizing nanomaterials from nature's blueprints 5 hours ago. Can we assume constant C14 to C12 ratio in living tissues?
0コメント